PRE-FIELDWORK
Define research objectives
While your research focus may evolve during fieldwork, establishing clear research objectives or themes before entering the field can help minimize observational ambiguity and distractions.
Review existing literature
Delve into existing research insights to refine the specific angle to concentrate on, but be careful of potential contextual differences between the existing literature and your own research.
Select your field site
Select a field site that fits your research focus. If feasible, establish this connection through personal connections to foster trust. However, always consider the ethical implications on the people and communities involved.
FIELDWORK
Build rapport
Be transparent about your purpose of being the field and recognise the power dynamics and your role within the setting. You should also actively pay attention the unwritten code of conduct to not unnecessary attention.
Participant observation
Engage deeply within the community while closely observing their daily lives. Often, seemingly mundane activities reveal their learned values and aspirations. Be aware of how your presence may influence their actions.
Data collection
Gather data using diverse methods such as field notes, interviews, photos, videos, and other artifacts. Thoroughly record your observations, conversations, and interactions and reflect on them daily to not miss important details.
AFTER FIELDWORK
Reflect
Reflect on personal biases, cultural nuances, and participant dynamics. Analyze the impact of your presence. Consider the validity of data, ethical considerations, and potential changes to research focus.
Interpret findings
Identify patterns, themes, and cultural contexts in collected data. Use coding and thematic analysis to extract key insights, revealing cultural meaning, social behaviours, and valuable perspectives.
RESOURCES
By Sam Ladner (2013)
Edited by Nicolas Nova, Lysianne Lechot-Hirt, Fabienne Kilchör, & Sebastien Fasel (2014)